Managing Asthma with Medications and Lifestyle Strategies

​Breathing easier is always the goal when it comes to asthma. Because this condition is chronic, meaning there is no cure, it's important to use every tool possible to minimize symptoms. Finding the right balance of medications and lifestyle changes, and having an action plan for flare-ups, can mean fewer sick days and a more active life.

Medication Types

There are four primary types of medications used to treat asthma, each serving a different purpose. They include:

• Bronchodilators relax and open the airways to relieve asthma symptoms.
• Controller medications (anti-inflammatories) are daily maintenance medications that help prevent asthma attacks by reducing airway inflammation. They are not for immediate relief, but they lower the risk of future flare-ups.
• Combination inhaler medications combine a bronchodilator with an anti-inflammatory for both immediate relief and long-term control. They are commonly prescribed for moderate to severe asthma.
• Biologics target specific cells and pathways that cause inflammation, making them an option for severe, uncontrolled asthma.

Lifestyle Strategies

While medications are essential, daily habits and environmental awareness can help improve asthma control. Steps to take include:

• Avoiding triggers. Asthma has different triggers, such as pollen, pet dander, dust mites, mold or smoke. Identifying and minimizing exposure to your triggers can reduce flare-ups. Simple changes like using air purifiers, washing bedding frequently and avoiding smoke or strong odors can make a big difference.
• Staying active. Exercise is important for overall health, but some people experience exercise-induced asthma. A proper warm-up, using a rescue inhaler before activity (if prescribed) and choosing lower-intensity activities like swimming or biking can help prevent symptoms from being triggered. It's essential to prioritize safety and follow your doctor's guidance for exercise.
• Minimizing colds/allergies. Respiratory infections and allergies often worsen asthma symptoms. Keeping up with flu shots, managing allergies and washing your hands can help prevent illness-related flare-ups.

Action Plans

Work with your doctor to develop an asthma action plan, which outlines:

• Daily medications and when to take them
• Symptoms to watch for and when to use a rescue inhaler
• Signs of worsening asthma and when to see your provider

Combining appropriate medications with lifestyle changes and an action plan can give sufferers more control over asthma. By working with your doctor on an individualized approach, it can be possible to breathe easier and lead a more active life.​